apache虚拟主机配置方法解析

发布时间:2020-11-02编辑:脚本学堂
分享下apache虚拟主机的配置方法,通过实例学习apache虚拟主机配置,有需要的朋友参考下。

有不少朋友在问,如何配置apache虚拟主机?

实验目标:在apache实现基于域名的虚拟主机
实验用的XAMPP版本为1.7.7,内含apache版本为2.2.21
 
实验前准备:
1. 为了测试不同的域名,在Windows/System32/drivers/etc/下觅得hosts文件,在其中添加实验用的域名若干,如 -
127.0.0.1   test1.net
127.0.0.1   test2.net
如此,则在浏览器中输入该俩域名时,Windows将其解析为127.0.0.1本地地址。即,在浏览器中访问localhost, test1.net, test2.net均可访问XAMPP的欢迎页。
 
2. 在apache目录下建立目录,以放置您不同的网站。
为保护XAMPP原有的htdocs中的欢迎页内容,实验另外建立了与htdocs平级的htdocs1目录,在其下建立了test1.net, test2.net两个子目录用以放置实验用的网站。
apache/htdocs1/test1.net - 放置test1.net网站内容
apache/htdocs1/test2.net - 放置test2.net网站内容

在这两个目录中各新建hello world一网页 index.html。
 

复制代码 代码示例:
<HTML>
<HEAD></HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>hello~, 这是[对应的网站名,用以区别].net</H1></BODY>
</HTML> 
 

实验步骤:
1. 找到apache/conf/httpd.conf, 将其中的
ServerAdmin
ServerName
DocumentRoot
注释掉。
 
2. 在httpd.conf中,找到行
 include "conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf"
如被注释则解注。该文件记载了虚拟主机的参数。[以前虚拟主机参数是直接填写在httpd.conf中的,为了更好地组织文件,将其分离出去,类似于某些编程语言一样。因此httpd.conf中include它,即相当于把它的内容填在了httpd.conf中。]
 
3. 这个httpd-vhosts.conf文件格式基本如下 -
 

复制代码 代码示例:

#blah-blah
NameVirtualHost *:80

#blah-blah
#blah-blah
<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin XXXXXXXX
    DocumentRoot "XXXXXXXX"
    ServerName XXXXXXX
    Serveralias XXXXXX
    ErrorLog "logs/XXXXXX-error.log"
    CustomLog "logs/XXXXXXX-error.log" combined  
</VirtualHost>
 

需要修改的,就是<VirtualHost>中的参数了。

这个可以参见apache官方文档。根据实验域名,可以增加两个<VirtualHost>:
 

复制代码 代码示例:

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin adm@test1.net
    DocumentRoot "C:/xampp/htdocs1/test1.net"
    ServerName test1.net
    ServerAlias www.test1.net
    ErrorLog "logs/test1-error.log"
    CustomLog "logs/test1-access.log" combined
   
    <Directory "C:/xampp/htdocs1/test1.net">
    order allow,deny
    allow from all
    </Directory>   
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin adm@test2.net
    DocumentRoot "C:/xampp/htdocs1/test2.net"
    ServerName test2.net
    ServerAlias www.test2.net
    ErrorLog "logs/test1-error.log"
    CustomLog "logs/test1-access.log" combined
   
    <Directory "C:/xampp/htdocs1/test2.net">
    order allow,deny
    allow from all
    </Directory>   
</VirtualHost>
 

注意,如果不在各VirtualHost中定义Directory的可访问性,你将遇到的是Access Forbidden!就连原来的localhost也是。
 
4. 由于之前注释掉了httpd.conf中的ServerName, DocumentRoot等,为了仍然能以localhost访问原XAMPP欢迎页,就在增加一个VirtualHost,如下 -
 

复制代码 代码示例:
<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin adm@localhost
    DocumentRoot "C:/xampp/htdocs"
    ServerName localhost
   
    ErrorLog "logs/localhost-error.log"
    CustomLog "logs/localhost-access.log" combined
   
    <Directory "C:/xampp/htdocs">
    order allow,deny
    allow from all
    </Directory>   
</VirtualHost>
 

为了避免出错,把它放置在第一个Virtualhost位置。
 
至此,apache基于域名的虚拟主机配置完成。可以通过http://localhost访问XAMPP欢迎页,通过http://test1.net和http://test2.net访问各自的主页。
 

复制代码 代码示例:

#
# Virtual Hosts
#

# If you want to maintain multiple domains/hostnames on your
# machine you can setup VirtualHost containers for them. Most configurations
# use only name-based virtual hosts so the server doesn't need to worry about
# IP addresses. This is indicated by the asterisks in the directives below.
#
# Please see the documentation at
# <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/vhosts/>
# for further details before you try to setup virtual hosts.
#
# You may use the command line option '-S' to verify your virtual host
# configuration.

#
# Use name-based virtual hosting.
#
NameVirtualHost *:80

#
# VirtualHost example:
# Almost any Apache directive may go into a VirtualHost container.
# The first VirtualHost section is used for all requests that do not
# match a ServerName or ServerAlias in any <VirtualHost> block.
#

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin kongdaoxian@gmail.com
    DocumentRoot "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs"
    ServerName localhost
    ServerAlias www.skydao.com
    ErrorLog "logs/localhost-error.log"
    CustomLog "logs/localhost-access.log" combined
   
    <Directory "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs">
    order allow,deny
    allow from all
    </Directory>   
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin kongdaoxian@gmail.com
    DocumentRoot "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs/project1"
    ServerName project1.com
    ServerAlias www.project1.com
    ErrorLog "logs/project1-error.log"
    CustomLog "logs/project1-access.log" combined
   
    <Directory "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs/project1">
    order allow,deny
    allow from all
    </Directory>   
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin kongdaoxian@gmail.com
    DocumentRoot "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs/zendTest/public"
    ServerName zendTest.com
    ServerAlias www.zendTest.com
    DirectoryIndex index.php
    <Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
    </Directory>   
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin kongdaoxian@gmail.com
    DocumentRoot "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs/testRewrite"
    ServerName testRewrite.com
    ServerAlias www.testRewrite.com
    # DirectoryIndex index.php
    <Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
    </Directory>   
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin kongdaoxian@gmail.com
    DocumentRoot "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs/test"
    ServerName test.com
    ServerAlias www.test.com
    ErrorLog "logs/zendTest-error.log"
    CustomLog "logs/zendTest-access.log" combined
   
    <Directory "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs/test">
    order allow,deny
    allow from all
    </Directory>   
</VirtualHost>