本节内容:
nginxpinghuashengji/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>nginx平滑升级教程
一、nginx平滑升级概述
nginx方便实现了平滑升级。
原理分析:
1,在不停掉老进程的情况下,启动新进程。
2,老进程负责处理仍然没有处理完的请求,但不再接受处理请求。
3,新进程接受新请求。
4,老进程处理完所有请求,关闭所有连接后,停止。
这样就很方便地实现了平滑升级。
一般有两种情况下需要升级nginx,一种是确实要升级nginx的版本,另一种是要为nginx添加新的模块。
二、nginx升级过程
1,查看当前版本
在存放nginx的可执行文件的目录下输入:
./nginx -v
1)、下载新的nginx版本并编译。
复制代码 代码示例:
wget nginx-1.0.11.tar.gz
tar zxvf nginx-1.0.11.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.0.11
./configure --add-module=/customized_module_0 --add-module=/customized_module_1
make
注意不要进行make install
2)备份老版本的可执行文件
复制代码 代码示例:
cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin
sudo cp nginx nginx.old
3)修改配置文件
如果有必要的话,进行配置文件的修改。
4)拷贝新的可执行文件
复制代码 代码示例:
sudo cp /home/michael/tmp/nginx-1.0.11/objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
5)升级
复制代码 代码示例:
cd /home/michael/tmp/nginx-1.0.11
make upgrade
6)清理多余文件
复制代码 代码示例:
rm -rf /home/michael/tmp/nginx-1.0.11
7)查看nginx版本
复制代码 代码示例:
cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin
./nginx -v
三、观察进程变化
在我的机器上可以观察到,我配置的是10个worker进程,启动后观察到:
root 6241 10419 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nobody 6242 6241 2 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6243 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6244 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6245 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6246 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6247 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6248 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6249 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6250 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6251 6241 1 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6252 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: cache manager process
nobody 6253 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: cache loader process
luming 6310 25051 0 10:51 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
nobody 7995 10419 0 jan12 ? 00:20:37 nginx: worker process is shutting down
nobody 7996 10419 0 jan12 ? 00:20:11 nginx: worker process is shutting down
nobody 7998 10419 0 jan12 ? 00:20:04 nginx: worker process is shutting down
nobody 8003 10419 0 jan12 ? 00:20:12 nginx: worker process is shutting down
root 10419 1 0 jan08 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
可见新的进程有1个master和10个worker,另外还有1个老的master(可以从时间上看出)和4个worker(其他6个老的worker已经处理完所有连接而shutdown了)。
还有一个loader进程。过几秒种可以看到worker只有两个了:
root 6241 10419 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nobody 6242 6241 1 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6243 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6244 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6245 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6246 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6247 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6248 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6249 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6250 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6251 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6252 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: cache manager process
nobody 6253 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: cache loader process
luming 6430 25051 0 10:51 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
nobody 7996 10419 0 jan12 ? 00:20:11 nginx: worker process is shutting down
nobody 8003 10419 0 jan12 ? 00:20:12 nginx: worker process is shutting down
root 10419 1 0 jan08 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
接着观察:
root 6241 1 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nobody 6242 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:01 nginx: worker process
nobody 6243 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:01 nginx: worker process
nobody 6244 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:01 nginx: worker process
nobody 6245 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6246 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6247 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6248 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6249 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6250 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:01 nginx: worker process
nobody 6251 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:02 nginx: worker process
nobody 6252 6241 0 10:51 ? 00:00:00 nginx: cache manager process
luming 8680 25051 0 10:56 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
congratulations! you can upgrade your nginx server gracefully.
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