python中遍历dict四种方法，我们做下性能测试：
l = [(x,x) for x in xrange(10000)]
d = dict(l)
from time import clock
t0=clock()
for i in d:
t = i + d[i]
t1=clock()
for k,v in d.items():
t = k + v
t2=clock()
for k,v in d.iteritems():
t = k + v
t3=clock()
for k,v in zip(d.iterkeys(),d.itervalues()):
t = k + v
t4=clock()
print t1-t0, t2-t1, t3-t2, t4-t3
将这段脚本运行5次，结果如下：
python test.py
0.00184039735833 0.00326492977712 0.00214993552657 0.00311549755797
python test.py
0.00182356570728 0.00339342506446 0.00234863111466 0.00321566640817
python test.py
0.00185107108827 0.00324563495762 0.00211175641563 0.00313479237748
python test.py
0.0018215130669 0.00320950848705 0.00215814608806 0.00322798225041
python test.py
0.00216635664955 0.00391807994377 0.00207604047314 0.00322757172233
对比结果：
显然第一种方法效率最高，第三种方法略差一点但相差无几，方法二四性能就差得多。