创建测试用的表:
复制代码 代码示例:
CREATE TABLE `test1` (
`id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
`desc` varchar(100) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=
innodb DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
1,以下查询会报错误:[Err] 1221 - Incorrect usage of UNION and ORDER BY
复制代码 代码示例:
select * from test1 where name like 'A%' order by name
union
select * from test1 where name like 'B%' order by name
修改为:
复制代码 代码示例:
select * from test1 where name like 'A%'
union
select * from test1 where name like 'B%' order by name
说明,在union中,不用括号的情况下,只能用一个order by(思考:union两边的order by的列名不一样时,会出现什么样的结果?),这会对union后的结果集进行排序。
修改为:
复制代码 代码示例:
(select * from test1 where name like 'A%' order by name)
union
(select * from test1 where name like 'B%' order by name)
也是可以的,这两个order by在union前进行。
2,同样
复制代码 代码示例:
select * from test1 where name like 'A%' limit 10
union
select * from test1 where name like 'B%' limit 20
相当于:
复制代码 代码示例:
(select * from test1 where name like 'A%' limit 10)
union
(select * from test1 where name like 'B%') limit 20
即后一个limit作用于的是union后的结果集,而不是union后的select。
也可以用括号括起来,以得到预期的结果:
复制代码 代码示例:
(select * from test1 where name like 'A%' limit 10)
union
(select * from test1 where name like 'B%' limit 20)
3,UNION和UNION ALL区别
union会过滤掉union两边的select结果集中的重复的行,而union all不会过滤掉重复的行。