本节内容：
Mongodb集群分片，Mongodb集群高级实例。
之前介绍了简单的MongoDb集群配置实例。
在简单实例中，虽然MongoDB auto-Sharding解决了海量存储问题，和动态扩容问题，但是距离真实环境下所需要的高可靠性和高可用性还有一定的距离。
本节介绍一个接近实际的解决方案：
Shard：使用Replica Sets，来确保数据的可靠性。
通过这个方案，可以在每个节点有数据的备份、实现自动控制容错转移和自动恢复。
Config：使用3个配置服务器，确保元数据完整性
Route：配合LVS，实现负载均衡，提高接入性能。
1、配置集群目录
数据存储目录：
复制代码 代码示例:
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/10001
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/10002
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/10003
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/10011
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/10012
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/10013
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/config1
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/config2
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/config3
日志目录：
复制代码 代码示例:
$ mkdir -p /home/scotte.ye/data/logs
2、配置 Shard Replica Sets
配置第一组Sets
复制代码 代码示例:
//10001
$ ./mongod --shardsvr --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null -dbpath=/home/data/10001/ -port=10001 --nohttpinterface --replSet set1
//10002
$ ./mongod --shardsvr --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null -dbpath=/home/data/10002/ -port=10002 --nohttpinterface --replSet set1
//10003
$ ./mongod --shardsvr --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null -dbpath=/home/data/10003/ -port=10003 --nohttpinterface --replSet set1
配置集群
复制代码 代码示例:
$ ./mongo -port 10001
MongoDB
shell version: 2.0.2
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:10001/test
>#配置集合1
>#构建参数
>cfg={_id:'set1',
members:[{_id:1,host:'192.168.35.106:10001'},
{_id:1,host:'192.168.35.106:10002'},
{_id:1,host:'192.168.35.106:10003'}]
};
{
"_id":"set1",
"members":[
{
"_id":1,
"host":"192.168.35.106:10001"
},
{
"_id":2,
"host":"192.168.35.106:10002"
},
{
"_id":3,
"host":"192.168.35.106:10003"
}
]
}
>#让参数生效
>rs.initiate(cfg);
{
"info":"Config now saved locally. Should come online in about aminute.",
"OK":1
}
>#查看运行状态
>rs.status();
{
"set" : "set1",
"date" : ISODate("2012-02-29T12:02:46Z"),
"myState" : 2,
"syncingTo" : "192.168.35.106:10003",
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 1,
"name" : "192.168.35.106:10001",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
"optime" : {
"t" : 1330435339000,
"i" : 2413
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2012-02-28T13:22:19Z"),
"self" : true
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"name" : "192.168.35.106:10002",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 1112736,
"optime" : {
"t" : 1330435339000,
"i" : 2413
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2012-02-28T13:22:19Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2012-02-29T12:02:45Z"),
"pingMs" : 0
},
{
"_id" : 3,
"name" : "192.168.35.106:10003",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 1,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 1112736,
"optime" : {
"t" : 1330435339000,
"i" : 2413
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2012-02-28T13:22:19Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2012-02-29T12:02:46Z"),
"pingMs" : 0
}
],
"ok" : 1
}
配置第二组sets：
复制代码 代码示例:
//10011
$ ./mongod --shardsvr --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null -dbpath=/home/data/10011/ -port=10011 --nohttpinterface --replSet set2
//10012
$ ./mongod --shardsvr --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null -dbpath=/home/data/10012/ -port=10012 --nohttpinterface --replSet set2
//10013
$ ./mongod --shardsvr --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null -dbpath=/home/data/10013/ -port=10013 --nohttpinterface --replSet set2
配置集群：
复制代码 代码示例:
$ ./mongo -port 10011
MongoDB shell version: 2.0.2
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:10011/test
>#配置集合1
>#构建参数
>cfg={_id:'set2',
members:[{_id:1,host:'192.168.35.106:10011'},
{_id:1,host:'192.168.35.106:10012'},
{_id:1,host:'192.168.35.106:10013'}]
};
{
"_id":"set2",
"members":[
{
"_id":1,
"host":"192.168.35.106:10011"
},
{
"_id":2,
"host":"192.168.35.106:10012"
},
{
"_id":3,
"host":"192.168.35.106:10013"
}
]
}
>#让参数生效
>rs.initiate(cfg);
{
"info":"Config now saved locally. Should come online in about aminute.",
"OK":1
}
>#查看运行状态
>rs.status();
{
"set" : "set2",
"date" : ISODate("2012-02-29T12:12:46Z"),
"myState" : 2,
"syncingTo" : "192.168.35.106:10011",
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 1,
"name" : "192.168.35.106:10011",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
"optime" : {
"t" : 1330435339000,
"i" : 2413
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2012-02-28T13:22:19Z"),
"self" : true
},
{
"_id" : 2,
"name" : "192.168.35.106:10012",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 1112736,
"optime" : {
"t" : 1330435339000,
"i" : 2413
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2012-02-28T13:22:19Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2012-02-29T12:02:45Z"),
"pingMs" : 0
},
{
"_id" : 3,
"name" : "192.168.35.106:10013",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 1,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 1112736,
"optime" : {
"t" : 1330435339000,
"i" : 2413
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2012-02-28T13:22:19Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2012-02-29T12:02:46Z"),
"pingMs" : 0
}
],
"ok" : 1
}
启用config servier：
复制代码 代码示例:
$ ./mongod --configsvr --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null -dbpath=/home/data/config1/ -port=20000 --nohttpinterface
$ ./mongod --configsvr --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null -dbpath=/home/data/config2/ -port=20001 --nohttpinterface
$ ./mongod --configsvr --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null -dbpath=/home/data/config3/ -port=20002 --nohttpinterface
启用Route server：
复制代码 代码示例:
$ ./mongos -configdb="192.168.35.106:20000,192.168.35.106:20001,192.168.35.106:20002" --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null
>#查看是否正常运行
>ps aux|grep mongos|grep -v grep
root 2726 0.0 0.1 174192 3392 ? Sl Feb16 3:20 ./mongos -configdb=192.168.35.106:20000,192.168.35.106:20001,192.168.35.106:20002 --fork -logpath=/home/data/logs/null
开始配置Sharding：
复制代码 代码示例:
$ ./mongo -port 10001
MongoDB shell version: 2.0.2
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:10001/test
>#进入管理
数据库
>use admin
switched to db admin
>#添加Sharding
> db.runcommand({addshard:'set1/192.168.35.106:10001,192.168.35.106:10002,192.168.35.106:10003'})
{"shardAdded":"set1","ok":1}
> db.runCommand({addshard:'set2/192.168.35.106:10011,192.168.35.106:10012,192.168.35.106:10013'})
{"shardAdded":"set2","ok":1}
>#让test数据库支持Sharding
>db.runCommand({enablesharding:'test'})
{"ok":1}
>#让数据库中的一个集合生效，且根据ID来进行分片
>db.runCommand({shardcollection:'test.user',key:{_id:1}})
{"collectionshrded":"test.user","ok":1}
注：另外可以通过下面两个命令查看sharding情况:
复制代码 代码示例:
>db.runCommand({listshards:1}
>printShardingStatus();
