使用sql语句在指定字段前面插入新的字段的方法

create proc addcolumn
@tablename varchar(30), --表名
@colname varchar(30), --要加的列名
@coltype varchar(100), --要加的列类型
@colid int --加到第几列
as

declare @colid_max int
declare @sql varchar(1000) --动态sql语句

if not exists(select 1 from sysobjects
where name = @tablename and xtype = 'u')
begin
raiserror 20001 '没有这个表'
return -1
end

if exists(select 1 from syscolumns
where id = object_id(@tablename) and name = @colname)
begin
raiserror 20002 '这个表已经有这个列了！'
return -1
end

--保证该表的colid是连续的
select @colid_max = max(colid) from syscolumns where id=object_id(@tablename)

if @colid > @colid_max or @colid < 1
set @colid = @colid + 1
 
set @sql = 'alter table '+@tablename+' add '+@colname+' '+@coltype
exec(@sql)

select @colid_max = colid
from syscolumns where id = object_id(@tablename) and name = @colname
if @@rowcount <> 1
begin
raiserror 20003 '加一个新列不成功，请检查你的列类型是否正确'
return -1
end

--打开修改系统表的开关
EXEC sp_configure 'allow updates',1 RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE

--将新列列号暂置为-1
set @sql = 'update syscolumns
set colid = -1
where id = object_id('''+@tablename+''')
and colid = '+cast(@colid_max as varchar(10))
exec(@sql)

--将其他列的列号加1
set @sql = 'update syscolumns
set colid = colid + 1
where id = object_id('''+@tablename+''')
and colid >= '+cast(@colid as varchar(10))
exec(@sql)

--将新列列号复位
set @sql = 'update syscolumns
set colid = '+cast(@colid as varchar(10))+'
where id = object_id('''+@tablename+''')
and name = '''+@colname +''''
exec(@sql)
--by www.jb200.com

--关闭修改系统表的开关
EXEC sp_configure 'allow updates',0 RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE
go